March 29, 2024

Pointing in the Wrong Direction

The good news is that my daughter’s teachers are at last beginning to use computers. The bad news is they are using them to make PowerPoint presentations. Frightening images of my high school algebra teacher with the indelible blue arm from the ceaseless writing and erasing at the overhead projector flashed through my mind during my recent trip to Back-to-School Night


Originally published in the January 2004 issue of


Monotonous lectures at the overhead are quickly being replaced by the even more mind-numbing PowerPoint-based instruction. While the overhead projector allows a presenter to make changes and annotations on the fly in response to the needs of the audience, a PowerPoint presentation is a fossil created earlier that day–or during another school year–with few expectations for audience engagement.

Allow me to set the scene, a drama familiar to parents of secondary school students. Your child writes his or her daily school schedule for you to dutifully follow during Back-to-School Night. You rush through dinner to attend the PTA meeting, where the details of the latest fundraiser can be revealed. This year you will be inflicting $20 gallon drums of cookie dough on your innocent friends, colleagues and relatives. Next, you run a half-marathon in less than three minutes on a pitch-dark campus in order to make it to your first-period class.

The teacher, a new devotee of PowerPoint, has a problem to solve. The low-bid PC in her classroom is broken and the school district cannot afford an expensive data projector for every teacher. Undeterred by these challenges and buoyed by a motivation to convey critical information to the assembled parents, the teacher does what any good problem solver would do. She prints out the PowerPoint presentation. The teacher carefully hands each parent a copy of her presentation one at a time. This takes approximately four minutes.

The title page contains her name and contact information, but no details about this particular class because the presentation needs to be generic enough to use all evening. Upon opening the stapled packet one is treated to a couple of dozen slides detailing the teacher’s gum rules, incomprehensible grading system and ways in which students will be punished for breaking any of the innumerable classroom rules. Since the “presentation” was prepared with a standard PowerPoint template, each page is dark and uses half the toner on the planet.

Teachers like the one I describe are well-meaning, but their reliance on PowerPoint undermines their ability to communicate effectively. Such presentations convey little information and reduce the humanity of the presenter through the recitation of decontextualized bullet points. Such presentations require expensive hardware, time-consuming preparation and reduce spontaneity. This eight-minute presentation was a test of endurance. I fear for students subjected to years of teacher-led presentations.

As a service to educators everywhere, I have prepared a one-slide PowerPoint presentation (above) to help them with Back-to-School night.

What’s the point?

Somehow the making of PowerPoint presentations has become the ultimate use of computers in American classrooms. Perhaps we are emotionally drawn to children making sales pitches. Adults see these children playing Donald Trump dress-up and overvalue the exercise as educational. Teachers refer to “doing PowerPoint” or students “making a PowerPoint” and this is unquestionably accepted as worthwhile.

The desire to create a generation of fifth graders with terrific secretarial skills fails on a number of levels. PowerPoint presentations frequently undermine effective communication. The time spent creating PowerPoint presentations reduces opportunities to develop important storytelling, oral communication and persuasive skills. The corporate look of PowerPoint creates an air of false complexity when students are really constrained by rigid canned templates and the use of clip-art. Class size and time constraints frequently deprive students of opportunities to actually make their presentations before an audience.

Kids should be conducting authentic research, writing original ideas and learning to communicate in a variety of modalities. PowerPoint is a poor use of technology and trivializes the development of communication skills.

Everyone should read Edward Tufte’s very short book, The Cognitive Style of PowerPoint.

© 2003 Gary S. Stager/District Administration Magazine

4 thoughts on “Pointing in the Wrong Direction

  1. Gary I really enjoyed this. I found myself sitting in the office laughing. Sad that I thought this was funny but I was really amazed that the handout was actually given to you. It was clearly intnded to be used as a guide by the teacher and not given to every parent. But that said it was an excellent way for you to see the way the teacher think about education and children. It may have taken you years to discover the ‘deep think’ they used without the aid of powerpoint!

  2. In thnking more about this issue I am sure that the challege is to find a way to engage the profession in better understanding of what we do or should be doing. This teacher is bound in a rule based approach to relationships. The logic is that certainty will lead to appropriate behaviour. The power of relationships has been missed and the idea that the learning within the classroom should be the starting point on which the relationship is built is nowhere present. I guess the point of this discussion is that it is really not that powerpoint is at issue but the fundamental thinking about all that is part of our world as educators (and of course children).

    To read this issue about powerpoint (and about your child’s teacher) and do nothing is not moving forward. What did you do?

  3. I wrote a magazine column (and now blog post) hopefully read by lots of thoughtful people like yourself.

    To be quite candid, the school was impenetrable and lacked any capacity for self-correction, so making fun of it was often the best I could do. I learned years after I began writing about the school in a magazine read by 100,000 school leaders that my kids’ school and district administrators KNEW I was writing about them and found it amusing.

    They never even bothered to ask me to “cut it out,” let alone seek my advice.

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