{"id":3596,"date":"2016-02-02T00:42:30","date_gmt":"2016-02-02T05:42:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stager.tv\/?p=3596"},"modified":"2020-12-09T14:11:56","modified_gmt":"2020-12-09T19:11:56","slug":"president-obama-discovers-coding-yippee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stager.tv\/?p=3596","title":{"rendered":"President Obama Discovers Coding – Yippee!"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Last year, my friends at Intel invited me to participate in a breakfast summit at the Museum of Contemporary Art overlooking the Sydney Opera House. The other invited guests seated around the table represented captains of industry, distinguished academics, and leaders of assorted acronyms. We each had 2-3 minutes to solve the problems with school,\u00a021st Century skills, S.T.E.M, S.T.E.A.M. girls and technology, economic development, Coding in the classroom, teacher education, and a host of other challenges that normally require 5-6 minutes of breathless rhetoric or clever slogans.<\/p>\n

I had the luxury of speaking last. I began by saying, “The first thing we need to do is find a cure for amnesia.”<\/strong> Those armed with “solutions” or prescriptions for “reforming” education do not lack for chutzpah. A sense of perspective and awareness of history are their greatest deficits.<\/p>\n

I once heard President Clinton tell the National School Boards Association, “Every problem in education has been solved somewhere before.” We do indeed stand on the shoulders of giants, but Silicon Valley smart-alecks and the politicians they employ behave as if “history begins with me.”<\/p>\n

During the Intel breakfast I pointed out a few historic facts:<\/p>\n

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  1. 1:1 computing began at a girls school in Australia a quarter century ago for the express purpose of reinventing education by programming across the curriculum and that work led to perhaps a few hundred thousand Australian children and their teachers learning to program (“coding”).\u00a0For those scoring at home. That one statement ticks the boxes for 1) personal computing in education; 2) programming across the curriculum; 3) girls and technology; 4) success in building teacher capacity; 5) evidence of successful (at least temporary) school reinvention; 5) appealing to hometown pride.<\/em><\/li>\n
  2. None of the expressed goals were possible without abandoning the heavy-handed medieval practices of national curricula, terminal exams, ranking, sorting, and inequity that are cornerstones of Australian education. Progressive education is a basic condition for achieving any of the desires shared by my esteemed colleagues.<\/li>\n
  3. There are many examples of people who have not only shared similar concerns throughout history, but who have overcome the seemingly insurmountable hurdles. We have even demonstrated the competence and curiosity of teachers. For example, my friend Dan Watt sold more than 100,000 copies of a book titled, “Learning with Logo<\/a>,” circa 1986. Let’s say that 10% of the teachers who bought such a book taught kids to program, that’s still a much bigger impact than “Hour of Code.” (Of course there were dozens of other books about how to teach children to program thirty\u00a0years ago.)<\/li>\n
  4. Perhaps the reason why so few students are taking “advanced” high school math courses is because the courses are awful, irrelevant, and toxic.<\/li>\n
  5. If it is truly a matter of national security that more children enroll in “advanced” science and math courses, it seems curious that such courses are optional. Perhaps that is because we are quite comfortable with a system that creates winners and losers.<\/li>\n
  6. I have been teaching computer science to children for thirty-four years professionally and forty years if you count my years as a kid teaching my peers to program.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    The other day, President Obama announced $4 billion dollars available to teach computer science\/coding and mathematics (now that’s a novel\u00a0idea) for the vulgar purpose of creating “job-ready<\/a>” students. Never mind the fact that there remains no consensus on what computer science is or how such lofty goals will be achieved, especially by a lame duck President. If history is any guide\u00a0and<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0<\/strong>if the promised funds are ever appropriated, this seemingly large investment will disappear into the pockets of charlatans, hucksters, and a proliferation of “non-profits” each suckling on the government teat. (See eRate)<\/p>\n

    To make matters worse, one of our nation’s leading experts on computer science education reports that the national effort to design a K-12 Computer Science Framework has is focused on consensus.<\/p>\n

    “The goal is to create a framework that\u00a0most people\u00a0can agree on<\/em><\/strong>. \u00a0\u201cCoherence\u201d (i.e., \u201ccommunity buy-in\u201d) was the top quality of a\u00a0framework in Michael Lach\u2019s advice to the CS Ed community\u00a0(that\u00a0I described\u00a0here<\/a>). As Cameron Wilson put it in his Facebook post about the effort, \u201cthe K-12 CS Framework is an effort to unite the community in describing what computer science every K-12 student should learn.\u201d \u00a0It\u2019s about uniting the community. \u00a0That\u2019s the whole reason this process is happening. \u00a0The states want to know that they\u2019re teaching things that are worthwhile. \u00a0Teacher certificates will get defined only what the definers\u00a0know what the teachers have to teach. The curriculum developers want to know what they should be developing for. \u00a0A common framework means that you get economies of scale\u00a0(e.g.,\u00a0a curriculum that matches the framework can be used in lots of places).<\/p>\n

    The result is that the framework is not about vision, not about what learners will need to know in the future. \u00a0Instead, it\u2019s about the subset of CS that most people can agree to. \u00a0It\u2019s not the best practice (because not everyone is going to agree on \u201cbest\u201d), or the latest from research (because not everybody\u2019s going to agree with research results). \u00a0It\u2019s going to be a safe list.<\/p>\n

    …That\u2019s the nature of frameworks. \u00a0It\u2019s about consensus, not about vision<\/strong>. [emphasis mine] \u00a0That\u2019s not a bad thing, but we should know it for what it is. We can use frameworks to build momentum, infrastructure, and community. We can\u2019t let frameworks\u00a0limit<\/em>\u00a0our vision of what computing education should be. \u00a0As soon as we\u2019re done with one set of frameworks and standards, we should start on the next ones, in order to move the community to a new set of norms.\u00a0Guzdial, M. (2016)\u00a0Developing a Framework to Define K-12 CS Ed: It\u2019s about consensus not vision.<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    That’s right, mountains of money and human capital will be expended to determine the status quo. Consultants will be enriched while school children are treated to “coding” curricula so good that you don’t even need a computer! Powerful ideas are viewed as distractions and vision<\/strong><\/em> may be addressed at indeterminate date in the future.<\/p>\n

    \u201cThe future must be dreamed, desired, loved, created. It must be plucked from the soul of the present generations with all the gold gathered in the past, with all the vehement yearning to create the great works of individuals and nations.” – Omar Dengo<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    From Melbourne to Massachusetts to the UK, large scale state and national edicts to teach “coding” or “computer science” K-12 has resulted in\u00a0laundry lists of unrelated nonsense, full of “off-computer” programming activities, keyboarding instruction, file saving, posture lessons, digital citizenship, identification of algorithms, counting in binary, bit, byte, and vocabulary acquisition. In more than one jurisdiction, the computer science curricula is touted as “not even needing a computer!”<\/p>\n

    There is far too little discussion of programming a liberal art – a way of having agency over an increasingly\u00a0complex and technologically sophisticated world. There is no discussion of Seymour Papert’s forty-eight year-old question<\/a>, “Does the computer program the child or the child program the computer?”<\/p>\n

    There is no talk about changing schooling to accommodate powerful ideas or even add programming to the mathematics curriculum as my Wayne, NJ public schools did forty years ago. Instead, we’re renaming things and chanting slogans.<\/p>\n

    Frequent readers of my work might be surprised that I only include one mention of Seymour Papert in this article. Instead, I end with the words of another old friend of mine, Arthur Luehrmann. Arthur coined the term computer literacy. After three decades of his term being segregated to justify the most pedestrian of computer use (Google Apps, IWBs, online testing, looking up answers to questions you don’t care about, etc…), it is worth remembering what\u00a0he\u00a0<\/em>meant when he\u00a0invented<\/em> the term,\u00a0computer literacy. The following is from a 1984 book chapter,\u00a0<\/em>Computer Literacy: The What, Why, and How<\/a>.<\/p>\n

    “A few years ago there was a lot of confusion about what computer literacy meant. Some people were arguing that a person could become computer literate merely by reading books or watching movies or hear- ing lectures about computers. That viewpoint probably came out of a time when computer equipment was expensive and, therefore, not often found in classrooms. Teachers had to teach something, so they taught “facts” about computers: their history, social impact, effect on jobs, and so forth. But such topics are more properly called “computer awareness,” I believe.<\/p>\n

    Even the fact that a school or district possesses one or more com- puters must not be taken as evidence that education in computer literacy is taking place. Many schools use computers for attendance and grade reporting, for example. These administrative uses may improve the cost- effectiveness of school operations, but they teach children nothing at all about computers.<\/p>\n

    Other schools may be using computers solely to run programs that drill their students on math facts, spelling, or grammar. In this kind of use, often called Computer-Assisted Instruction, or CAI, the computer prints questions on the display screen, and the student responds by typing answers on the keyboard. Except for rudimentary typing skills and when to press the RETURN key, the student doesn’t learn how to do anything with the computer, though. Here again, a mere count of computers doesn’t tell anything about what students may be learning.<\/p>\n

    A third kind of use comes closer to providing computer literacy, but it too falls short. In this mode, the computer, together with one or more programs, is used to provide some kind of illumination of material in a regular, noncomputer course. A social studies teacher, for example, might use The Oregon Trail simulation program to illustrate the difficul- ties pioneers encountered in trekking across the American West. Such an application not only teaches American history, it also shows students that computers can be made to simulate things and events\u2014a powerful notion. Yet neither in this, nor in any of the other educational uses of the computer I have mentioned so far, does a student actually learn to take control of the computer.<\/p>\n

    Literacy in English or any language means the ability to read and write: that is, to do something with the language. It is not enough to know that any language is composed of words, or to know about the pervasive role of language in society. Language awareness is not enough. Similarly, “literacy” in mathematics suggests the ability to add numbers, to solve equations, and so on: that is, to do something with mathematics. It is not enough to know that numbers are written as sets of digits, or to know that there are vocational and career advantages for people who can do things with mathematics.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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    Computer literacy must mean the ability to do something constructive with a computer, and not merely a general awareness offacts one is told about computers. A computer literate person can read and write a computer program, can select and operate software written by others, and knows from personal experience the possibilities and limitations of the computer.”<\/strong><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    At least educational policy is consistent, we continuously invent that which already exists, each time with diminished expectations.<\/p>\n

    Thirty two years after Luhrmann published the words above – longer than the lifespan of many current teachers and our national goal is to create job-ready coders? Off! We should be ashamed.<\/p>\n

    Luhrmann, A. (1984). Computer Literacy: The What, Why, and How. In D. Peterson (Ed.), Intelligent<\/i> <\/i>School<\/i>house: Readings on Computers and Learning<\/i>. Reston, VA: Reston Publishing Company.<\/pre>\n
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    This is undoubtedly a first-draft written during a conference overseas.\"with<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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